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FIELD  COLUMBIAN  MUSEUM 

PUBLICATION  No.  90. 
ZOOLOGICAL  SERIES.  VOL.  Ill,  No.  15. 


DESCRIPTIONS 


OF 

APPARENTLY  NEW  SPECIES  AND 


AND 

A  NEW  GENERIC   NAME   PROPOSED 


BY 


D.  G.  ELLIOT,  F.  R.  S.  E.,  ETC. 


CHICAGO,  U.  S.  A! 

March,  1904. 


DESCRIPTIONS   OF    APPARENTLY   NEW   SPECIES   AND 

SUBSPECIES   OF   MAMMALS   AND    A    NEW 

GENERIC  NAME  PROPOSED. 


BY   D.  G.  ELLIOT,  F.R.S.E.,  ETC. 


FAM.  SCIURID^. 
CITELLUS. 

Citellus  *nesioticus,  Sp.  nov. 

Type  locality.     Santa  Catalina  Island,  California. 

Geogr.  Distr.  Santa  Catalina  Island,  Santa  Barbara  Islands, 
California. 

Genl.  Char.  Color  very  dark,  with  little  or  none  of  the  yel- 
lowish brown  hue  so  conspicious  in  S:  v.  beecheyi  and  5.  v.  fisheri, 
but  nearer  to  the  latter  on  account  of  the  extension  of  the  white 
on  shoulders,  though  this  is  rather  indistinct  on  the  present 
species.  Color  of  tail  entirely  different.  Skull  compared  with 
that  of  C.  v.  fisheri  is  much  shorter  and  broader;  malar  broad 
and  heavy;  nasals  short;  braincase  short,  contracting  rapidly 
anteriorly;  antorbital  processes  very  long;  pterygoid  fossa  very 
short  and  the  processes  of  the  pterygoids  very  long  and  turning 
sharply  outwards  at  tips;  basioccipital  short  and  broad;  bullae 
large;  palate  very  broad;  zygomatic  arch  widely  expanded; 
occipital  region  low  and  broad;  prominent  azygos  process  on 
palatal  arch. 

Color.  Type,  Male.  Top  of  head  from  fore  part  of  forehead 
to  between  ears  jet  black  with  a  few  tawny  ochraceous  hairs 
mixed  on  certain  parts;  nose  tawny  ochraceous;  sides  of  head 
tawny  ochraceous  and  black  mixed ;  hairs  on  sides  of  neck  white 
tipped,  extending  in  a  long,  narrow,  indistinct  line  to  behind 
shoulders;  middle  of  back  black  and  tawny  ochraceous,  the 
black  predominating;  lower  part  of  back  and  sides  tawny  ochra- 
ceous and  black,  the  first  color  predominating;  under  parts 
buffy  ochraceous;  hands  and  feet  buff;  ankles  tawny;  limbs 
buff  and  black  mixed;  tail  above  mixed  buff  and  black  giving  a 

*  nj(Tfa>T£*«? — belonging  to  an  island. 

263 


264  FIELD  COLUMBIAN  MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY,  VOL.  III. 

grayish  appearance,  and  with  a  black  border  and  pale  buff  fringe, 
beneath  mixed  buff  and  black  with  the  black  border  showing 
indistinctly  in  places,  most  clearly  shown  at  base  and  tip;  ears 
black. 

Measurements.  Total  length,  476.2;  tail  vertebrae,  184; 
hind  foot,  60.  Skull:  occipito-nasal  length,  60.5;  zygomatic 
width,  39;  interorbital  constriction,  15.5;  across  postorbital 
processes,  27;  width  of  braincase  above  zygomata,' 25.3;  length 
of  braincase,  occipital  rim  to  frontoparietal  svyture,  31;  median 
length  of  nasals,  19;  lateral  length  of  nasals,  20;  length  of  basi 
occipital,  7;  posterior  width  of  basioccipital,  10;  length  of  ptery- 
goids,  ii ;  palatal  length,  30;  length  of  bullae,  12;  width  of  bullae, 
10 ;  length  of  upper  tooth  row,  12;  length  of  mandible,  angle  to 
alveolus  of  incisor  on  inner  side,  36;  height  at  condyle,  19;  at 
coronoid  process,  19;  length  of  lower  tooth  row,  n. 

This  is  a  well-marked  island  form,  perhaps  nearest  to  C.  v. 
fisheri,  but  very  much  darker  in  general  hue,  with  an  entirely 
differently  colored  tail,  and  distinct  cranial  characters  as  given 
above.  The  skulls  of  the  two  forms  on  comparison  are  con- 
spicuously different.  The  general  tone  of  the  pelage  including  the 
tail  is* a  dark  gray,  with  tawny  ochraceous  tints  appearing  amid 
black,  and  this  last  hue  is  massed  on  the  middle  of  the  back, 
but  with  tawny  ochraceous  showing  in  a  diminished  degree. 
Three  specimens  were  procured  on  Santa  Catalina  Island  by  Mr.  J. 
Rowley,  a  male  and  two  females,  the  only  difference  perceptible 
between  them  being  the  absence  of  the  black  patch  on  the  top 
of  the  head,  this  part  on  the  females  being  tawny  ochraceous 
mixed  with  black,  like  the  major  portion  of  the  upper  parts. 

FAM.  MURID.E. 
PEROMYSCUS. 

Peromyscus  montipinoris,  Sp.  nov. 

Type  locality.  Lockwood  Valley,  Mount  Pinos,  *  Ventura 
County,  California. 

Genl.  Char.  Size,  medium;  tail  very  long,  hairy,  penicillate; 
ears  large;  hind  foot  long;  color  pale;  skull  similar  to  that  of 
P.  truii,  but  with  longer  nasals  and  a  broader  and  longer  brain- 
case  and  narrower  interorbital  region. 

Color.     Top   of  head   and   back   mixed   cinereous   and   buff, 

*  In  the  description  of  Perognalhus  elibalus,  Pub.  87,  p.  252,  Mt.  Pinos  was 
wrongly  placed  in  Los  Angeles  County.     It  should  be  Ventura  County. 


MARCH,  1904.          NEW  SPECIES  OF  MAMMALS — ELLIOT.  265 

darker  than  rest  of  upper  parts;  nose,  nape,  and  rump  buff; 
bright  buff  lateral  line;  upper  parts  of  sides  buffy;  entire  under 
parts  white;  hands  and  feet  white;  ankles  dusky;  tail  above 
black,  beneath  yellowish  white;  ears  dark  brown. 

Measurements.  Total  length,  214;  tail  vertebrae,  118;  hind 
'foot,  24.5;  ear,  24.5.  Skull:  occipito-nasal  length,  28;  Hensel, 
22;  interorbital  constriction,  4.5;  zygomatic  width,  13;  greatest 
width  of  brairicase,  13;  length  of  nasals,  10;  palatal  length,  n; 
length  of  upper  tooth  row,  4;  length  of  mandible,  12;  lower 
tooth  row,  4. 

This  species  while  somewhat  similar,  is  larger  than  P.  truii, 
and  in  color  is  paler  and  has  a  very  much  longer  tail,  longer  foot, 
and  shorter  ear.  These  differences  are  emphasized  in  a  series  of 
truii  before  me.  The  coloring  of  the  upper  part  of  the  tail  is  also 
quite  different,  for  while  that  of  the  present  form  is  black,  that  of 
truii  is  dark  seal  brown.  The  ears,  while  large,  are  considera- 
bly smaller  than  those  of  the  species  compared,  which  sometimes 
reach  a  length  of  29  millimeters.  Mr.  Heller  obtained  only 
three  specimens  of  this  mouse,  from  Mount  Pinos,  in  the 
vicinity  of  Fort  Tejon,  and  he  writes  that  it  is  a  rather  rare 
species  on  the  mountains  about  Fort  Tejon. 

Peromyscus  *lasius,  Sp.  nov. 

Type  locality.  Hannopee  Canon,  Panamint  Mountains,  Inyo 
County,  California. 

Geogr.  Distr.  Panamint  and  Inyo  Mountains,  Inyo  County, 
California,  and  probably  other  neighboring  ranges  west  of 
Death  Valley. 

Genl.  Char.  Allied  to  P.  megalotus  from  Arizona,  and  P. 
truii  from  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and  Nevada.  The  fur  is 
fluffy  and  the  general  color  above  in  adults  is  pale  ochraceous 
buff,  while  P.  truii  is  more  of  a  clay  color,  and  P.  megalotus  of  a 
darker  hue.  The  tail  is  also  much  longer,  and  the  skull  is 
heavier,  with  a  longer,  differently  shaped  braincase  and  longer 
rostrum. 

Color.  Nose  and  side  of  face  gray,  tinged  with  buff;  orbital 
ring  black;  top  of  head  and  upper  part  of  body  pale  ochraceous 
buff,  mixed  slightly  with  black  on  dorsal  region;  sides  and 
lateral  line  from  beneath  eye  to  root  of  tail  bright  ochraceous 
buff;  entire  under  parts,  hands,  and  feet  pure  white;  under  fur 

*  laffnx;,  woolly;  referring  to  the  long,  fluffy  fur. 


266  FIELD  COLUMBIAN  MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY,  VOL.  III. 

plumbeous;  tail  hairy  and  penicillate,  with  a  pale  dusky  line  on 
top,  rest  white;  ears  large,  naked,  dusky  brown. 

Measurements.  Total  length,  208;  tail  vertebrae,  105;  hind 
foot,  24;  ear  from  notch,  27.5.  Skulk  total  length,  29;  Hensel, 
21.5;  zygomatic  width,  14;  interorbital  width,  4;  length  of 
nasals,  9.5;  length  of  braincase,  frontal  suture  to  occiput,  18.5; 
width  of  braincase  above  zygomata,  13.5;  width  at  auditory 
meatus,  12;  palatal  length,  n;  length  of  upper  tooth  row,  4; 
length  of  mandible,  12.5;  length  of  lower  tooth  row,  4. 

Out  of  a  series  of  32  specimens  the  one  selected  for  the  type 
has  most  of  its  measurements  greater  than  those  of  any 
other.  The  average  of  twelve  adults  with  perfect  tails  is  194; 
97;  23.4;  26.7.  This  would  show  that  beside  the  difference  in 
color  the  present  form  is  considerably  larger  than  P.  truii,  a 
series  of  16  of  which  from  Anderson's  Ranch,  Nevada,  before 
me,  give  much  smaller  measurements  than  even  those  of  the 
average  sized  stated  above,  especially  as  regards  total  length, 
and  that  of  the  tail  vertebras.  The  only  other  species  with 
which  the  present  form  requires  comparison  is  P.  megalotis 
Merriam,  from  Black  Tank,  Little  Colorado  Desert,  Arizona,  and 
by  the  kindness  of  Dr.  Merriam,  who  loaned  me  three  specimens 
of  his  species,  I  have  been  able  to  bring  the  two  forms  together. 
While  resembling  each  other  in  color,  P.  lasius  has  a  generally 
paler  hue  on  the  upper  parts,  pure  white  hands  and  feet  (these 
in  Dr.  Merriam's  examples  being  decidedly  buff),  a  very  differ- 
ently colored  tail  on  its  upper  side,  and  with  a  heavier  skull, 
having  a  larger  and  longer  braincase,  longer  and  stouter  ros- 
trum, and  with  a  heavier  mandible,  especially  between  the 
angle  and  coronoid  process;  the  horizontal  portion  is  also 
stouter.  P.  megalotis  has  the  tail  above  seal  brown,  like  the 
tail  of  P.  truii,  while  the  upper  part  of  the  tail  of  P.  lasius  is  a 
rather  pale  dusky.  Altogether  the  California  mountain  species 
seems  to  be  a  somewhat  larger,  heavier  animal  with  marked 
differences  in  color  and  also  in  cranial  character  from  both  its 
relatives,  the  two  species  with  which  it  has  been  compared. 

ORYZOMYS. 
Oryzomys  jalapae  *apatelius,  Subsp.  nov. 

Type  locality.     San  Carlos,  State  of  Vera  Cruz,  Mexico. 
Genl.  Char.     Similar   to   O.  jalapce   in   color   on   upper   parts, 
grayish  buff  beneath ;  tail  shorter ;  hind  foot  longer.     Skull  with  " 
*  axaTrhos ,  deceitful. 


MARCH,  1904.          NEW  SPECIES  OF  MAMMALS — ELLIOT.  267 

longer  and  narrower  braincase,  zygomatic  width  less,  nasals 
longer,  anterior  palatine  foramina  longer,  mastoid  width  less, 
mandible  more  slender,  narrower  between  angle  and  condyle. 

Color.  Above  yellowish  brown,  lined  with  black,  darkest  on 
dorsal  region;  chin  and  throat  pale  gray;  rest  of  under  parts 
gray,  tinged  with  buff;  tail  distinctly  bicolor,  above  black, 
beneath  yellowish  white,  naked;  hands  and  feet  buffy  white; 
ears  dark  brown. 

Measurements.  Total  length,  259;  tail  vertebrae,  130*  hind 
foot,  31.  Skull:  occipito-nasal  length,  31.5;  Hensel,  29.7;  inter- 
orbital  constriction,  4.5;  greatest  zygomatic  width,-  16;  least 
zygomatic  width  anteriorly,  13;  width  of  braincase  above  zygo- 
mata, 12;  length  of  nasals,  12;  palatal  length,  13.5;  length  of 
incisive  foramina,  11.4;  length  of  upper  tooth  row,  5;  length 
of  mandible,  angle  to  base  of  incisors,  15;  height  at  condyle,  7; 
length  of  lower  tooth  row,  5. 

While  resembling  O.  jalapce  in  the  color  of  .the  upper  parts, 
this  Rice  Rat  differs  so  much  in  the  hue  of  the  under  parts,  the 
proportions  of  body  and  tail,  and  in  the  shape  and  dimensions 
of  skull,  that  it  seems  more  entitled  to  a  distinct,  independent 
rank  than  a  subspecific  one.  The  skulls  of  the  present  form 
and  O.  jalapte  are  quite  different  and  recognizable  at  a  glance; 
the  long,  narrow  braincase,  restricted  spread  of  the  zygomatic 
arches,  long  anterior  palatine  foramina,  and  lighter  mandible  of 
the  present  form  distinguishing  it  at  once  from  its  relative,  not 
to  mention  the  shorter  tail  and  longer  hind  foot  and  pale  under 
surface.  By  the  kindness  of  my  friend  Dr.  J.  A.  Allen  I  have 
been  able  to  compare  my  specimens  with  topotypes  of  O.  jalapce. 
Seven  specimens  of  the  new  form  were  obtained  at  San  Carlos, 
Vera  Cruz,  by  Mr.  N.  G.  Buxton. 

NEOTOMA. 
Neotoma  fuscipes  *cnemophila,  Subsp.  nov. 

Type  locality.  Lock  wood  Valley,  Mount  Pinos,  Ventura 
County,  California. 

Genl.  Char.  Size  large;  tail  long,  black  above;  general  hue  of 
upper  parts  buff. 

Color.  Upper  parts  and  sides  buff  with  the  base  of  hairs  dark 
plumbeous,  and  this  latter  coloring  manifests  itself  on  the 
dorsal  region  and  head,  causing  these  parts  to  be  darker  than 
*  z*rtri.<',z — heights,  and  ^./.toi — to  love. 


268  FIELD  COLUMBIAN  MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY,  VOL.  III. 

the  rest;  limbs  mixed  plumbeous  and  buff,  the  former  hue  pre- 
dominating; chin,  throat,  and  between  thighs  white;  rest  of 
under  parts  yellowish  white,  the  hairs  being  white  to  the  roots, 
excepting  a  line  along  the  side  where  the  base  of  the  fur  is  plum- 
beous ;  hands  and  feet  white ;  wrists  and  ankles  dusky ;  tail  above 
and  on  sides  black,  beneath  grayish  white;  ears  dark  brown. 

Measurements.  Total  length,  380;  tail  vertebrae,  176;  hind 
foot,  39.5;  ear,  33.  Skull:  occipito-nasal  length,  46;  Hensel, 
38;  zygomatic  width,  23;  interorbital  constriction,  5.5;  width 
of  braincase,  18;  length  of  nasals,  18.5;  palatal  length,  19; 
length  of  incisive  foramina,  9;  length  of  upper  tooth  row,  9; 
length  of  mandible,  angle  to  base  of  incisor,  23;  length  of  lower 
tooth  row,  8. 

This  wood  rat  has  quite  \a  different  appearance  from  its  rela- 
tive N.  mohavensis  of  the  Mohave  Desert,  being  yellowish  where 
the  other  is  gray ;  and  the  upper  part  of  the  tail  is  a  more  intense 
black,  that  of  the  other  form  being  of  a  bluish  black.  It  is  a 
mountain  form,  the  small  series  before  me  having  been  procured 
by  Mr.  Heller  at  Mt.  Pinos  and  other  heights  in  the  vicinity. 

FAM.  CANID^E. 

UROCYON. 
Urocyon  cinereo-argenteus  inyoensis,  Subsp.  nov. 

Type  locality.  Beveridge  Canon,  Inyo  Mountains,  Inyo 
County,  California. 

Genl.  Char.  Color  silvery  gray,  much  paler  than  U.  c.  cali- 
fornictis,  without  ochraceous  lines  anywhere,  and  black  on  lower 
part  of  back  only. 

Color.  Adult.  Entire  upper  part  of  breast  and  body  and 
also  sides  silvery  gray  with  a  black  streak  over  lower  part  of 
back;  chin  and  nose  above  black;  sides  of  neck  and  bar  across 
lower  part  of  neck  buff;  fore  legs  silvery  gray  above,  wood 
•  brown  on  outer  side,  and  whitish  on  inner  side;  hind  legs  silvery 
gray  above,  drab  gray  on  outer  side,  whitish  on  inner  side; 
under  parts  white;  tail  silvery  gray,  slightly  tinged  in  places 
with  buff,  with  a  black  curving  line,  tip  black;  ears  brownish, 
mixed  with  silver  white  hairs  on  outside,  white  inside;  head 
back  of  ears  buffy. 

Measurements.  Total  length,  950;  tail  vertebrae,  385;  hind 
foot,  140;  ear,  82.  Skull:  total  length,  124;  occipito-nasal 
length,  113.  Hensel,  118;  zygomatic  width,  66;  interorbital 


MARCH,  1904.  NK\V  SPKCIES  OF  MAMMALS — ELLIOT.  269 

width,  23.5;  palatal  length,  56;  palatal  arch  to  tip  of  pterygoid 
process,  20;  anterior  width  of  pterygoid  fossa,  9;  posterior  width 
of  basioccipital,  13;  length  of  nasals,  40;  length  of  upper  tooth 
row  from  anterior  edge  of  canine  to  posterior  edge  of  last 
molar,  51 ;  of  lower  tooth  row,  57 ;  length  of  mandible,  88. 

This  is  a  very  pale  form  of  U.  c.  calif ornicus ,  with  some  of 
the  rich  ochraceous  coloring  of  that  race,  and  only  tinged 
with  buff  in  certain  places  as  mentioned  above.  There  are 
two  specimens  collected  by  Mr.  Heller,  the  type  with  only  a 
restricted  amount  of  black  on  the  back,  and  the  other,  younger, 
without  any  at  all.  The  tail  is  very  pale,  quite  different  in 
color  from  that  of  U.  c.  calif  ornicus.  The  skull  differs  from  all 
those  before  me  of  the  race  just  named,  in  the  greater  separation 
of  the  temporal  ridges,  the  width  between  them  being  retained 
nearly  to  their  posterior  junction,  and  not  graduating  posteriorly 
as  in  U.  c.  californicus.  The  pterygoid  fossa  is  shorter  and 
broader,  and  the  basioccipital  wider  posteriorly. 

FAM.  VESPERTILIONID^:. 

PIPISTRELLUS. 
Pipistrellus  hesperus  *apus,  Subsp.  nov. 

Type  locality.    .Providentia  Mines,  State  of  Sonora,  Mexico. 

Genl.  Char.  About  the  size  of  P.  hesperus,  but  quite  different 
in  color,  and  with  a  larger  foot.  Larger  than  P.  h.  australis,  the 
exact  color  of  which  is  not  known. 

Color.  Upper  parts  wood  brown,  base  of  fur  blackish;  under 
parts  pinkish  brown;  nose,  space  before  and  around  eyes,  wing 
and  tail,  membranes,  feet  and  ears  black. 

Measurements.  Total  length,  72;  tail  vertebras,  31.7;  foot, 
6.3 ;  forearm,  30.5 ;  thumb,  4;  longest  finger,  47 ;  ear  from  meatus, 
10.  Skull:  occipito-nasal  length,  10.5;  zygomatic  width,  8; 
interorbital  constriction,  3;  width  of  braincase,  6.5;  palatal 
length,  5;  post-palatal  length,  to  anterior  rim  of  forearm  mag- 
num, 4;  length  of  upper  tooth  row,  premolars  and  molars,  3; 
length  of  mandible,  8.5;  length  of  lower  tooth  row,  premolar  and 
molars,  3. 

This  apparently  distinct  race  of  Pipistrellus  hesperus  was  pro- 
cured by  Mr.  J.  Rowley  in  the  locality  given  above  in  the  north- 
ern part  of  the  State  of  Sonora.  Four  specimens  were  procured, 
and  all  are  much  darker,  and  of  a  different  color  from  that  of  P.  hes- 

*  ar.'j- — swift. 


270  FIELD  COLUMBIAN  MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY,  VOL.  III. 

perns.  The  specimens  of  P.  h.  australis  from  Jalisco  described  by 
Mr.  G.  S.  Miller,  Jr.,  had  been  long  in  alcohol  and  their  exact  color 
is  not  known,  no  skins  having  been  obtained,  but  if  the  measure- 
ments given  should  be  established  by  a  series  of  specimens,  it  is 
a  smaller  race  than  the  one  here  described,  and  probably  with  a 
different  coloring.  Additional  material  is  riecessary  before  this 
can  be  ascertained. 

MOSCHOPHOROMYS. 

In  1 88 1,  Trouessart  (Le  Naturaliste,  Paris,  in,  No.  45,  p.  357) 
proposed  Megalomys  as  a  generic  name  for  Mus  pilorides  Desma- 
rest  from  the  Antilles.  In  1903  (Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.,  7th  Ser., 
xi,  pp.  387-388),  he  considered  this  term  preoccupied  by 
Megamys  (Dorbigny  &  Laurillard,  Voy.  Amer.  Mend.,  in,  1842, 
p.  no,  pi.  xn,  figs.  4-8,  Paleontology),  which,  in  accordance 
with  the  rules  of  nomenclature  prescribed  by  the  International 
Zoological  Congresses,  to  be  correctly  spelled  should  stand  as 
Megalomys.  He,  therefore,  proposed  in  its  place  the  term  Mos- 
chomys.  Unfortunately  this  name  is  preoccupied  by  Moschomys 
Bellberg,  Syn.  Faun.  Scandinaviae,  i  Mamm.,  Conspectus  A, 
1828,  proposed  for  the  Ondatra,  Lace"pede  Castor  zibethicus,  Linn., 
and  is  not  available.  I,  therefore,  propose  MOSCHOPHORO- 
MYS, or  Musk-bearing  rat;  ,«»ffx»ff,  <f'£f>tu,  nun,  with  Mus  desmaresti 
Fisch(=  Mus  pilorides  Desmarest),  8$  Oryzomys  lucia  Major  as  the 
species,  the  former  to  be  considered  as  the  type. 


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